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Is a BMI of 16 underweight?

A BMI of 16 is higher than 6% of men worldwide and 2% of American men. For women it is the 8th percentile worldwide, and the WHO files it under "underweight".

Percentile
6%
of men worldwide have a BMI below 16
BMI 16

UnderweightWHO category. BMI is a comparison with a population, not a diagnosis: it does not know muscle from fat, or where the weight sits.

BMI 16 by group

Men

Share of men with a BMI under 16, by country
GroupMeanBMI below yours1 in X
World24.56%1 in 16
India21.810%1 in 10
China24.33%1 in 37
United States29.02%1 in 56
Indonesia22.66%1 in 16
Pakistan23.49%1 in 11
Nigeria22.67%1 in 15
Brazil26.52%1 in 46
Bangladesh21.416%1 in 6
Russia26.03%1 in 29
Mexico27.62%1 in 57
Norway27.41%1 in 177

Women

Share of women with a BMI under 16, by country
GroupMeanBMI below yours1 in X
World24.88%1 in 13
India22.012%1 in 9
China23.65%1 in 22
United States29.13%1 in 31
Indonesia23.97%1 in 15
Pakistan24.88%1 in 13
Nigeria24.010%1 in 10
Brazil27.04%1 in 28
Bangladesh22.116%1 in 6
Russia26.75%1 in 20
Mexico28.62%1 in 41
Norway26.32%1 in 42

Percentile is the share of the group with a BMI below this one. “1 in X” counts the rarer side: people at or beyond this value above the median, at or under it below. Percentiles are estimated from a normal distribution with each group's mean and standard deviation.

What this means

  • For a man of 180 cm (5 ft 11 in), a BMI of 16 is 52 kg (114 lb). For a woman of 165 cm (5 ft 5 in) it is 44 kg (96 lb).
  • Across the 186 countries in our data, a BMI of 16 is most ordinary for men in Ethiopia, where it is higher than 23% of men, and stands out most in Tonga, where it is higher than under 1%.
  • BMI is weight divided by height squared. A rugby forward and a desk worker can share a number and little else, which is why doctors measure waists too.

Questions

Is a BMI of 16 underweight?
Yes by the WHO cut-offs: under 18.5 is underweight. A BMI of 16 is higher than 6% of men and 8% of women worldwide, and 2% of men and 3% of women in the United States.
How common is a BMI of 16?
Worldwide, about 1 in 16 men and 1 in 13 women have a BMI of 16 or less. The global mean is 24.5 for men and 24.8 for women.
What weight is a BMI of 16?
It depends on height. At 160 cm a BMI of 16 is 41 kg (90 lb); at 170 cm, 46 kg (102 lb); at 180 cm, 52 kg (114 lb); at 190 cm, 58 kg (127 lb).

Source: NCD Risk Factor Collaboration, Lancet 2017, age-standardised mean BMI for 2016. Country SDs where published, otherwise the global SD. Percentiles on this page are our estimate from a normal distribution with the stated mean and SD.

Height and weight in, your BMI and country percentile out.

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